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                  <text>The collection of more than 250 postcards and stamps demonstrates the popularity of this medium and the types of arguments both for and against suffrage. The cards illustrate the perceived threat to traditional gender roles, the growing violence of the suffrage movement primarily in England, and the way in which women were mobilizing to challenge conventional political and social responsibilities. The collection also includes a selection of printed photographic postcards distributed after the March 3, 1913 parade in Washington, D.C., as well as a series of photo cards published by the Women’s Social and Political Union and the Women’s Freedom League to highlight their officers.</text>
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                <text>Postcard : Beware of magazines and newspapers which are opposed to woman suffrage. There's a reason. 1910</text>
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                <text>Aphorisms and apothegms&#13;
National American Woman Suffrage Association</text>
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                <text>This card, Number 118, is part of a set of 30 postcards, each containing a message, or aphorism, about suffrage. The cards were created by commercial publishing company, The Cargill Company, and were "endorsed and approved by the National American Woman Suffrage Association."</text>
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                <text>Grand Rapids, Mich : The Cargill company</text>
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                  <text>Issues of newspapers and magazines from the early nineteenth and twentieth centuries include the &lt;em&gt;Anti-Slavery Examiner&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;National Anti-Slavery Standard&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman’s Journal&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman Citizen&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman’s Tribune&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Vote&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Suffragist&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Harper’s Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman Patriot&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Woodhull &amp;amp; Claflin’s Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Everywoman&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Life,&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Revolution&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The collection also includes an original clippings from 1908 to 1924, and newspapers from August 18, 1920, the day Tennessee became the 36th and final state to ratify the woman suffrage amendment.</text>
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                  <text>Issues of newspapers and magazines from the early nineteenth and twentieth centuries include the &lt;em&gt;Anti-Slavery Examiner&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;National Anti-Slavery Standard&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman’s Journal&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman Citizen&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman’s Tribune&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Vote&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Suffragist&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Harper’s Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, the &lt;em&gt;Woman Patriot&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Woodhull &amp;amp; Claflin’s Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Everywoman&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Life,&lt;/em&gt; and the &lt;em&gt;Revolution&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The collection also includes an original clippings from 1908 to 1924, and newspapers from August 18, 1920, the day Tennessee became the 36th and final state to ratify the woman suffrage amendment.</text>
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                <text>The Los Angeles Times. (Los Angeles, Calif.) Vol. 39. August 18, 1920</text>
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                <text>Constitutional amendments--Ratification&#13;
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957&#13;
Frierson, William L., 1868-1953&#13;
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Los Angeles County (Calif.)--Newspapers&#13;
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Tennessee. General Assembly&#13;
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina&#13;
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                <text>This issue contains the article: "Suffrage is in Danger / House in Tennessee postpones action/ North Carolina Senators Decide to Set the Matter Over Until 1921 / Supporters are Blaming the 'Weak-Kneed' Members for this Result."&#13;
&#13;
The article refers to actions taken by the state legislatures on August 17, 1920. In North Carolina, the state legislature voted to defer consideration of the federal suffrage amendment until the General Assembly met in regular session in 1921. According to the article, anti-suffrage forces planned to bring the matter up under special order the following morning to get rid of it quickly. The article quotes Representative Neal, anti-suffrage floor leader, as saying "Call it up and kill it right."&#13;
&#13;
In Tennessee, the lower House of the Tennessee legislature adjourned after three hours of debate with a final vote expected the following day. The article discusses the number of votes required to pass the amendment.&#13;
&#13;
The article discusses National Woman's Party efforts to get Democratic Presidential nominee Governor Cox, of Ohio, to go to Nashville and exert his influence on the Tennessee Legislature to ratify the amendment.</text>
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Articles on page 4, "Cox Not to Take Hand / No Thought of Going to Tennessee He Says," "Women Want Cox's Aid / Suffragists Renew Efforts to Get Nominee to Tennessee": Summary of National Woman's Party efforts to get Democratic Presidential nominee Governor Cox, of Ohio, to go to Nashville and exert his influence on the Tennessee Legislature to ratify the amendment. Suffragists did not think Governor Cox would do so unless Tennessee Democratic leaders extended him an invitation.&#13;
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This article refers to actions taken by the state legislatures on August 17, 1920. In North Carolina, the state legislature voted to defer consideration of the federal suffrage amendment until the General Assembly met in regular session in 1921. According to the article, anti-suffrage forces planned to bring the matter up under special order the following morning to get rid of it quickly. The article quotes Representative Neal, anti-suffrage floor leader, as saying "Call it up and kill it right."&#13;
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"Suffragists' Sole Hopes Resting on Tennessee"&#13;
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&#13;
A detailed discussion of the legislative events in Tennessee which led to the passage of the federal suffrage amendment.&#13;
"Kansas Started Partial Suffrage/ Legislature Struck Out Word 'Male' in 1874/ Since then several states Have Acted Independently/ Began Before Revolution/ Maryland Woman Demanded Voice in Assembly in 1647/ Nineteenth Amendment Monument to Susan B. Anthony."&#13;
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&#13;
After two preliminary procedural votes, the House passed the suffrage resolution with a vote of 49 to 47. Before the final tally, House speaker Seth Walker changed his vote to make the vote 50 to 46, which would allow him to bring up a motion to reconsider the resolution. The article delves into the history of the women's suffrage movement, including Margaret Brent, Abigail Adams, and other prominent historical figures.&#13;
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Spencer, Edna Lawrence&#13;
Springfield (Mass.)--Newspapers&#13;
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Acccording to the article, all 21 counties in New Jersey appeared to have voted against suffrage, including President Wilson's precinct, 7th election district of Princeton. Mrs. E.F. Feickert, president of the New Jersey State Woman Suffrage Association, conceded the defeat.&#13;
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"Two women debate on suffrage issue/Reasons For and Against/Miss Marjorie Dorman Upholds Anti and Miss Edna L. Spencer the Pro Cause"&#13;
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According to the article, 2,000 people gathered for the debate on giving votes to Massachusetts women in the November election. Marjorie Dorman of NY City, and Edna Lawrence Spencer of Cambridge discussed issues including equal pay, labor laws, marriage, birth control.</text>
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