United States--Maryland
Women--Suffrage--Maryland]]>
Constitutional amendments--ratification
Gibson, Charles Dana, 1867-1944
Magazine illustration
Periodicals--Publishing--United States]]>

Life Magazine, Inc. was founded by John Ames Mitchell (1845-1918) in 1883 in New York City and published until October 1936. It was a popular magazine of satire, criticism, reviews, and humor which relied heavily on cartoons, sketches, illustrations, and anecdotal material.]]>
New York State League of Women Voters
Vanderlip, Narcissa Cox, 1880-1966]]>

New York State League of Women Voters]]>
Constitutional amendments
Convention
International Woman Suffrage Alliance
National American Woman Suffrage Association. Convention
National American Woman Suffrage Association. League of Women Voters
National League of Women Voters (U.S.)
Shaw, Anna Howard, 1847-1919
United States--Illinois--Chicago]]>

At the time of the convention, 33 states had ratified the federal suffrage amendment. The victory came on August 18, 1920 when Tennessee became the 36th and final state to ratify the amendment.

At the convention, Carrie Chapman Catt formally founded the League of Women Voters as a "mighty political experiment" to help women carry out their new responsibility as voters. ]]>
Constitutional amendments--Ratification
Minneapolis (Minn.) -- Newspapers
Minnesota--Minneapolis
Roberts, Helen Lenore, 1903-1963
Roberts, Albert Houston, 1868-1946
Tennessee. General Assembly
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee]]>

Short piece on the front page about the ratification by the Tennessee legislature of the federal suffrage amendment. The certification of the passage was sent to Secretary of State Bainbridge Colby for his signature. Above the article is a photograph Helen Roberts with the caption: "Backing 'Dad' to Give Women Vote" Miss Helen Roberts, daughter of the governor of Tennessee, is backing the efforts of her father in his fight against the injunction that has tied up ratification of the Susan B. Anthony federal suffrage amendment."]]>
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957
Frierson, William L., 1868-1953
Los Angeles (Calif.)--Newspapers
Los Angeles County (Calif.)--Newspapers
North Carolina. General Assembly
Tennessee. General Assembly
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee]]>

The article refers to actions taken by the state legislatures on August 17, 1920. In North Carolina, the state legislature voted to defer consideration of the federal suffrage amendment until the General Assembly met in regular session in 1921. According to the article, anti-suffrage forces planned to bring the matter up under special order the following morning to get rid of it quickly. The article quotes Representative Neal, anti-suffrage floor leader, as saying "Call it up and kill it right."

In Tennessee, the lower House of the Tennessee legislature adjourned after three hours of debate with a final vote expected the following day. The article discusses the number of votes required to pass the amendment.

The article discusses National Woman's Party efforts to get Democratic Presidential nominee Governor Cox, of Ohio, to go to Nashville and exert his influence on the Tennessee Legislature to ratify the amendment.]]>
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957
Frierson, William L., 1868-1953
Jefferson County (Ky.)--Newspapers
Louisville (Ky.)--Newspapers
North Carolina. General Assembly
Tennessee. General Assembly
Walker, Seth M., 1892-1951
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina]]>
In Tennessee, the lower House of the Tennessee legislature adjourned after three hours of debate with a final vote expected the following day. The article discusses the number of votes required to pass the amendment.

In the Tennessee General Assembly there was also a debate on whether or not the legislature has the right to act on ratification at all since a clause of the state constitution provides that in order for the legislature to pass a proposed amendment, the group must have been elected prior to the submission of the amendment by Congress.

Articles on page 4, "Cox Not to Take Hand / No Thought of Going to Tennessee He Says," "Women Want Cox's Aid / Suffragists Renew Efforts to Get Nominee to Tennessee": Summary of National Woman's Party efforts to get Democratic Presidential nominee Governor Cox, of Ohio, to go to Nashville and exert his influence on the Tennessee Legislature to ratify the amendment. Suffragists did not think Governor Cox would do so unless Tennessee Democratic leaders extended him an invitation.

"Suffrage is Held Up / North Carolina Postpones Vote Until 1921 Assembly" regarding the vote in the North Carolina General Assembly to table the amendment until the next regular session in 1921.]]>
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957
Frierson, William L., 1868-1953
North Carolina. General Assembly
Philadelphia (Pa.)--Newspapers.
Tennessee. General Assembly
Walker, Seth M., 1892-1951
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee]]>

In Tennessee, the lower House of the Tennessee legislature adjourned after three hours of debate with a final vote expected the following day. The article discusses the number of votes required to pass the amendment.

In the Tennessee General Assembly there was also a debate on whether or not the legislature has the right to act on ratification at all since a clause of the state constitution provides that in order for the legislature to pass a proposed amendment, the group must have been elected prior to the submission of the amendment by Congress.

The author also mentions the vote in the North Carolina General Assembly to table the amendment until the next regular session in 1921.

The author incorrectly refers to the Speaker of the House as "Speaker Walton." His last name is Walker.]]>
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957
Dallas (Tex.)--Newspapers
Dallas County (Tex.)--Newspapers
North Carolina. General Assembly
Tennessee. General Assembly
Walker, Seth M., 1892-1951
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina]]>

The author asserts that with North Carolina Senate postponing a vote on the suffrage amendment until 1921, and other states against calling their legislatures to consider the amendment, and the Speaker Walker of the Tennessee Legislature claiming he has enough votes to defeat ratification, suffragists need a miracle to pass the amendment in 1920.

Short article: "Suffrage is Defeated in North Carolina" discusses the vote to table the amendment until the next regular session in 1921.]]>
Cox, James M. (James Middleton), 1870-1957
New York (N.Y.)--Newspapers
North Carolina. General Assembly
Tennessee. General Assembly
Walker, Seth M., 1892-1951
Women--Suffrage--Tennessee
Women--Suffrage--North Carolina]]>
"Suffs Set back in Two States/ North Carolina Senate Votes to Defer Matter until Session of 1921/ Tennessee is Wavering/Adjournment of Lower House Prevents Final Action and Antis Claim Victory"

This article refers to actions taken by the state legislatures on August 17, 1920. In North Carolina, the state legislature voted to defer consideration of the federal suffrage amendment until the General Assembly met in regular session in 1921. According to the article, anti-suffrage forces planned to bring the matter up under special order the following morning to get rid of it quickly. The article quotes Representative Neal, anti-suffrage floor leader, as saying "Call it up and kill it right."

In Tennessee, the lower House of the Tennessee legislature adjourned after three hours of debate with a final vote expected the following day. The article discusses the number of votes required to pass the amendment.

"Suffragists' Sole Hopes Resting on Tennessee"
Very short article about Tennessee being the determining factor in whether women would vote in the November 1920 election. 35 states ratified but efforts to persuade the Governors of Vermont and Connecticut to call special sessions failed, and Florida was not expected to take any favorable action.

Additional article: "Cox is Ready to Go to Tenn., Say Suffs/ Only Awaits Democratic Bid from Nashville"
The article discusses National Woman's Party efforts to get Democratic Presidential nominee Governor Cox, of Ohio, to go to Nashville and exert his influence on the Tennessee Legislature to ratify the amendment. Suffragists did not think Governor Cox would do so unless Tennessee Democratic leaders extended him an invitation.]]>